What is diabetes?

Diabetes refers to a group of long-lasting health conditions that affect how your body turns food into energy. Most of the food we eat is broken down into glucose and released into the bloodstream. When the blood sugar level goes up in your body, the pancreas releases insulin. Insulin plays a vital part in letting the blood sugar into the blood cells for the use of energy. In case you have diabetes, your body doesn’t make enough insulin. Hence, blood sugar level goes up in the bloodstream. If this continues, serious health issues like heart attack, kidney failure, loss of vision can occur.

Let’s get an idea about diabetes causes symptoms and treatments

To understand what causes diabetes and what are the diabetes symptoms, you need to know about the types of diabetes first

Diabetes types and causes

There are three common types of diabetes-

  • Type 1 diabetes
  • Type 2 diabetes
  • Gestational diabetes

Down below we have discussed diabetes causes and diabetes symptoms of each type-

  • Type 1 diabetes-  This type of diabetes is an autoimmune condition, in which your immune system mistakenly destroys the beta cell in the pancreas that produces insulin. So the pancreas produces very little insulin.

Causes of type 1 diabetes 

  • Dehydration- When there is excess sugar in your bloodstream you urinate more. That’s how your body loses a large amount of water, causing it to dehydrate.
  • Weight loss- The portion of glucose that goes out of your body while urinating, takes calories with it. This is how people with high blood sugar levels lose weight. 
  • Diabetes ketoacidosis (DKA)- This occurs when there is high blood sugar level but very little or no insulin in the body.
  • Damage to the body- High glucose levels in your body can damage nerves and vessels of heart, kidney and eye. They make the arteries harden, atherosclerosis, which eventually leads to strokes and heart attacks. 

      Symptoms of type 1 diabetes 

  • Blurred vision
  • Fast heart rate
  • Headache
  • Excessive thirst
  • Fatigue 
  • Sweating
  • Nausea and vomiting

Treatment of type 1

  • Follow a diabetic diet
  • Control consuming carbohydrate
  • Do physical exercise
  • Take dietary supplements
  • Insulin and hormones.
  • Type 2 diabetes- Type 2 diabetes is a long-term disorder that prevents your body from using insulin. Usually middle-aged to older individuals are most likely to get this diabetes. But it can also affect children with obesity. Patients undergoing type 2 diabetes are said to have insulin resistance. 

Causes of type 2 diabetes 

  • Genetic influences- Researchers have discovered different bits of DNA that shows how your body makes insulin. 
  • Too much glucose from the liver- When the blood sugar level is low, your liver sends out glucose. After you have your meal, your blood sugar levels get high and your liver will store glucose. But there are some people whose liver doesn’t .They keep pumping out suger.
  • Metabolic syndrome- Individuals who are insulin resistant , have a group of disorders like, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, high cholesterol.

Treatment of type 2

  • Do physical exercise
  • Quit smoking
  • Lose weight if obese 
  • Follow a diabetic diet, include dietary fibre
  • Statin
  • Insulin
  • Antidiabetic medications

Symptoms of type 2 diabetes 

 

  • Feeling excessively hungry
  • Fatigue 
  • Weight loss or weight gain
  • Poor wound healing 
  • Blurred vision
  • Frequently urinating
  • Gestational diabetes- At the time of pregnancy, some women develop high blood sugar. This disorder is called gestational diabetes. When womens develop gestational diabetes during pregnancy, that doesn’t mean she had diabetes before pregnancy. If not managed well, there are chances that the child will develop diabetes and it increases the complication during the delivery. 

Causes of gestational diabetes 

The exact cause of this diabetes is unknown. But hormones play a vital role during pregnancy. The body produces large amount of 2 hormones during this time-

  • Human placental lactogen
  • Hormones that increase insulin resistance

These hormones affect the placenta and sustain the pregnancy. They make the body resistant to insulin,and blood glucose levels rise abnormally and eventually cause gestational diabetes. 

Symptoms of gestational diabetes 

  • Fatigue
  • Blurred vision
  • Snoring
  • Feeling excessive thirsty
  • More urge to urinate

Treatment of gestational diabetes 

  • Avoid taking diabetes causing food
  • Do mild physical exercise
  • Monitor the blood sugar levels, if high take anti-diabetic medication 
  • Insulin

Diabetes risk factors 

Some common risk factors which increase the chances of diabetes are-

  • Family history-  The risk of having diabetes increases if someone in the family has or had it before.
  • Environmental factors- Exposure to viral illness can play a role in acquiring diabetes.
  • Overweight- The more excess fat you have, the more chances you get diabetes. Obese is one of the leading causes of diabetes.
  • Physical inactivity- When you’re not taking part in physical activities you are losing less calories which makes you more likely to gain weight, poor blood circulation and your metabolism will be affected. 
  • Age- The risk increases with getting older. That’s because there is less exercise, less body movement. Although diabetes (type 2 diabetes) is seen in children because of obesity. 
  • High blood pressure and high cholesterol- If you are suffering from any of these conditions, consult doctors in a boring road area. 

Diabetes risk test 

SCORE QUESTIONS  POINTS
1 How old are you?

Less than 40 years ……………………… 

40–49 years ……………………………….. 

50–59 years ……………………………….. 

60 years or older …………………………

01

2

3

2 Are you a man or a woman?

Man …………………………………………… Woman………………………………………. 

10
3 If you are a woman, have you been diagnosed with gestational diabetes during pregnancy?

Yes ……………………………………………. 

No …………………………………………….. 

1

0

4 Does anyone in your family have diabetes? 

Yes ……………………………………………. 

No …………………………………………….. 

1

0

5 Have you been diagnosed with high blood pressure before?

Yes ……………………………………………. 

No …………………………………………….. 

1

0

6 Are you physically active?

Yes ……………………………………………. 

No …………………………………………….. 

01

Total score- 

Diabetes in men vs diabetes in women

Most diabetic symptoms are almost similar in males and females. Some general symptoms include excessive thirst, fatigue, dizziness, urination, weight loss.

However, symptoms which are particularly seen in males are-

  • Loss of muscle mass
  • Lack of sex drive
  • Depression
  • Lack of energy

On the other hand symptoms observed in females are-

  • Urinary tract infection 
  • Polycystic ovary syndrome
  • Genital yeast infection
  • Frequent urination
  • Vagina leaching, pain and discharge

Why is GoodDeed clinic the best for women’s health checkups?

GoodDeed provides you with proper medical assistance in the clinic in Patna. We ensure you get high-quality services from a neurologist on a boring road and a gastroenterologist on a boring road Patna, at the best price possible. GoodDeed has exceptionally qualified and experienced physician doctor in Patna boring road, who are trained in the USA and are practicing here in the clinic and diagnostic center of health checkups in Patna. You can simply fix an online appointment with doctors, and have a one-to-one conversation. We are also open for long-distance packages for families who stay abroad and their parents are in India. To get smooth and effective treatment, consult GoodDeed, a full body checkup clinic in Patna.

FAQs

What happens when diabetes is caused by excess insulin?

This condition is known as hyperinsulinemia. It often results in insulin resistance. That leads to type 2 diabetes. In such cases, the patient should change the diet and include exercise in their daily routine.

Who is at diabetes risk for covid?

Individuals who are older, who have medical conditions like cardiovascular system, diabetes, cancer, chronic respiratory disease. Such people are most likely to have a higher risk of getting severe symptoms.